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The basic principles of space-borne two dimensional synthetic aperture microwave polarimetric interferometer function are considered. The main advantages of these systems over the well-known systems ESMR, SMMR and SSM/I are: a high rate of the observation scene image construction; the finite angular resolution; besides, they have no movable onboard construction elements on the spacecraft board, like the scanning antenna, and etc. The advantages of the synthetic aperture systems with hexagonally sampled interferometric radiometers are discussed.

microwave emission; antenna configuration; synthetic aperture; spacecraft visibility function; angular resolution; radiometric sensitivity