The given report proposes general and consistent statement of the classical electrodynamics basis using axiomatic and duality principles for its construct. Vector algebra and vector analysis are created by the application of the duality principle. The last fact allows formulating Maxwell equations in strictly symmetric form. It means the statement of electrodynamics postulates (axioms) under a principle of duality. Electrodynamics basis construction begins immediately using its postulates formulated for electromagnetic field arbitrary excitation.